Name: Eduardo Schwartz Borges
Type: MSc dissertation
Publication date: 10/04/2018
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Cristina Engel de Alvarez | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| Cristina Engel de Alvarez | Advisor * |
| Eneida Maria Souza Mendonça | Internal Examiner * |
| Marta Monteiro da Costa Cruz | External Examiner * |
Summary: Since the second half of the twentieth century, the concern about the sustainable development and the growth of urban problems in various parts of the world have raised the need to develop specific studies in new areas of knowledge, such as urban sustainability and, within this, the question of sustainable mobility. In several Brazilian cities, the mobility of people is one of the serious problems of complex solution. Increasing travel times, especially those related to the pendulum movement, lead to losses in economy, quality of life, health and the environment, the latter being boosted by the intense use of cars that emit greenhouse gases. Vast literature argues that principles of sustainable urbanism - such as those related to land use policies - can influence the behavior of citizens' movements and, therefore, provide a more efficient and sustainable urban mobility. However, there is a lack of technical data that allow the evaluation of such characteristics, such as, for example, in Grande Vitória, which would be important in the debates for the formulation of cities master plans. This research is based on the assumption of densification as an important measure for the economy of resources and shortening trips, that is, for sustainable urban development. The objective was to test the hypothesis that regions with greater urban density present a more sustainable model of mobility, translated in less auto-dependence and prioritization of non-motorized and transit trips . Based on the last official survey of origin and destination held in Grande Vitória in 2007, the behavior of displacement of citizens and their relationship with urban density was analyzed. Statistical methods were used, mainly with multivariate analysis through logistic regression, to achieve the results. In the case of trips with work motivation, there was a cause-effect relation of urban density for the mode choice of transit, confirming the hypothesis of research, while in the case of the mode choice of driving a car or walking, there weren't such a relationship. In the case of non-work trips, there was no cause-effect relationship for the mode choice of driving a car, but there was a significance, both for the choice of walking, confirming the research hypothesis, and for transit riding, in this case in the opposite direction to the research hypothesis. In general, other variables such as income, gender, number of family members and age were significant for the choice of the mode of the trips, highlighting the fact that the higher the income, the greater the preference for driving a car to the detriment of walking or transit riding, which causes the need for studying solutions to provide a sustainable mobility that also reaches the highest income classes.
Keywords: urban mobility, sustainable mobility, sustainable urbanism, land use, urban density.
